Which bacterial species is characterized by being β-hemolytic and a common cause of throat infections?

Streptococcus pyogenes is recognized as a β-hemolytic bacterium and is a leading cause of throat infections, particularly strep throat. This species of bacteria is notable for its ability to completely lyse red blood cells on blood agar, which is a distinctive characteristic of β-hemolytic organisms.

In addition to its hemolytic activity, Streptococcus pyogenes is associated with various clinical manifestations, including pharyngitis, impetigo, and, in more severe cases, can lead to conditions such as rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis following initial infection. Its pathogenicity is attributed to several virulence factors, including toxins, surface proteins that enhance adherence to host cells, and enzymes that facilitate tissue invasion.

The other species listed, while relevant in microbiology, do not share these specific characteristics. Streptococcus agalactiae is also β-hemolytic but is primarily known for causing infections in neonates and pregnant women rather than throat infections. Streptococcus pneumoniae is α-hemolytic and typically associated with pneumonia. Micrococcus luteus does not usually cause throat infections and is not classified as β-hemolytic. Therefore, Streptococcus pyogen