What does a positive CAMP test suggest in relation to streptococci?

A positive CAMP test specifically indicates the presence of Group B streptococci, which is scientifically known as Streptococcus agalactiae. This test is used to identify Group B streptococci by observing a characteristic synergistic hemolysis with Staphylococcus aureus. When Group B streptococci are cultured with Staphylococcus aureus, they enhance the hemolytic activity of the gold standard organism, leading to the formation of an arrowhead of hemolysis due to the production of a specific exotoxin.

Understanding this is important in the clinical context, as Group B streptococci can cause serious infections, particularly in newborns, such as meningitis and sepsis. The distinction provided by the CAMP test helps in the identification and management of infections caused by these bacteria. Hence, a positive CAMP test is a critical diagnostic tool in microbiology to confirm the presence of Group B streptococci.