Burkholderia pseudomallei is associated with which of the following diseases?

Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a disease primarily found in tropical regions and characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations. These can include pneumonia, abscess formation in various organs, and systemic infections. The organism is typically found in soil and water and can be transmitted through direct contact, inhalation, or ingestion of contaminated materials.

Understanding melioidosis is crucial, especially for individuals in endemic areas or those with certain risk factors such as diabetes, chronic renal disease, or immunocompromised states. The role of Burkholderia pseudomallei in this disease is well-documented, making it the correct answer in this context.

The other diseases listed—glanders, anthrax, and brucellosis—are caused by different pathogens, underscoring the specificity of Burkholderia pseudomallei to melioidosis. Glanders is caused by Burkholderia mallei, anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, and brucellosis is associated with various species of the genus Brucella. Each of these pathogens has distinct characteristics and epidemiological factors separate from those involved in melioidosis.